UNIT - I :

• Logging In and Logging Out

• Anatomy of Linux OS

• Directory Structure

• /usr Directory

 File Types: 

• User datafiles

• System data files

• Executable files

• Naming files and directories

• Spawning Processes

Shell: 

• Creating User Account

• Shell Program

• bash shell

• Changing shell prompt

Commands:

• Basic Syntax for a command

• Exploring the Home Directory

• ls, mkdir, rmdir, stat, cat, rm, mv, cp 

UNIT - II :

Editor: Vi editor. Hooking up Hardware Devices: Formatting a Floppy Disk, Gathering important system information. Backing Up and restoring the File System: Simple Backup, gzip, gunzip, tar. Printing files: Print Spool directory, Sending files to Printer. 

UNIT - III :

Sharing Files with other Users: Maintaining User Accounts, Changing Password, Creating Group Accounts, Granting Access to files, Changing File Ownership, Protecting Files, Making a File Read-Only. Working with Processes: Types of processes, ps Command, Creating process, killing process, free command and top utility. 

UNIT - IV :

Managing Disk Space: df, du commands, Creating Additional Free Disk Space, Locating Unused Files, Setting System Clock. Communication Utilities: who, who am i, finger, mesg, write, wall, talk, Creating a message of the day. X Window System, Graphical User Interfaces: KDE and GNOME Desktop Environment.